A Genre Analysis of Graduate-Level Reading Response Blogs Essay

IntroductionAs a community, academics are increasingly accepting the use of normal, online, journal style writings known as weblogs (blogs) as a valid pedagogy for the classroom. The attraction of using blogs in spite of appearance a classroom setting stems mainly from the discursive possibilities that the radical technology offers namely, that blogs seize for a discussion of nearly any proposition in a soci bothy moderated medium that encourages participants to compare, expand upon, and modify their understanding of that topic in relation to the ideas of their peers. While these discourses may serve any variety of purposes, one growing use of the medium is as a format for translation responsesa somewhat traditional pedagogical approach within Composition Studies, but now modified by this new digital medium to allow for a discussion of course readings, rather than an isolated and individual response. In other words, the genre of the reading response blog allows the discussion s of course texts, which traditionally communicate place in the classroom after the students have written a response to the text, to be initiated or conducted entirely within a social and public space.In this particular analysis, I will analyze examples of this genre from a graduate seminar, where students are responding not only to the texts but to the ideas and reflections of their peers as well. These examples are all drawn from public blog postings from a single weeks readings, early in the semester, in order to examine the moves made by these students and how, within the framework of a course assignment, they form a discourse community. It should be noted, of course, that one of the samples is my own blog, and that I will therefore be approaching this genre as both a participant a... ...om/2010/02/stop-face-lifts-we-understand-social-to.html. March 1, 2010.Hetland, Tim. The Forms of Popular Culture as Ways to Make Meaning. February 7, 2010. Web. http//steppingoffthe bus.blogspot.com/2010/02/forms-of-popular-culture-as-ways-to.html. March 1, 2010.Hillman, Maggie. The Tale of Samuel Whiskers Developing Literacy at Home. February 7, 2010. Web. http//ethospathoslogoszone.blogspot.com/2010/02/tale-of-samuel-whiskers-developing.html. March 1, 2010.Oliver, Malcolm. Online Communities and Mass Media are Bedtime Stories? February 8, 2010. Web. http//malcolmii.blogspot.com/2010/02/online-communities-and-mass-media-are.html. March 1, 2010.Sandoval, Marisa. Discouse as a Dance. February 6, 2010. Web. http//wsuenglish597.blogspot.com/2010/02/discouse-as-dance.html. March 1, 2010.

Essay --

Goal setting and action plans for self developmentAs human beings we are not perfect, we completely have strengths and weakness but how do we use our weaknesses and strengths to improve ourselves in leadership and managerial positions? I was impressed to note that being a concur you cannot run away from being a leader. According to class videos slides and transcripts by Maryol, G. 2014. All nurses are mangers and all nurses are leaders in their perspective position. A nurse is a leader by virtue of your qualifications. According to J Sullivan a leader uses his interpersonal skills to make others plan goals and structure strategies to accomplish those goals and a manager on the other hand is responsible and accountable to accomplish the goals of an organization. He does this by coordinating resources, planning, organizing, supervising, staffing, evaluating, negotiating and representing the organization. Managers have authority, responsibility, accountability and in position of supe rpower as determined by the organization. All good managers are good leaders(Sullivan, E.J., & Decker P. J.) 200...

A Brain Drain Essay examples -- Biology Essays Research Papers

A Brain Drain Anthrax, arteriovenous malformation (cerebral), chronic inflammatory, polyneuropathy, dementia due to metabolic causes, encephalitis, epilepsy, febrile seizure (children), generalized tonic-clonic seizure, Guillain-Barre syndrome, hydrocephalus, uptake anthrax, treatments involving leukemia and neuroblastoma, malignant diseases involving the brain or spinal cord, meningitis, multiple sclerosis, normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), pituitary tumor, polio, Reyes syndrome, subarachnoid brain hemorrhage, syphilis, tertiary, etc. Seems like quite an extensive list, and that the list goes on to include hundreds of dehabilitating diseases which can affect the central nervous system. One thing that all of these conditions have in common is the potential to be discovered with the evidence from a procedure know as the lumbar puncture (spinal tap or cisternal puncture). Over spring break, I had the wonderful probability to intern with a neurologist. During this time, I viewed t he lumbar puncture. As painful and invasive as I had imagined it, it was not. I learned that the lumbar puncture is actually a quite simple and absolutely amazing procedure, much less painful than an intravenous or drawing blood. There is an exorbidant amount of information which can be obtained from the cerebrospinal fluid. Lumbar punctures are an outpatient procedure, usually performed by a neurologist, pediatrician, or family doctor and lasting only a few minutes. The goal of the tap is to adopt and measure the pressure of the cerebro spinal fluid (CSF) which surrounds, cusions, and protects the brain and spinal cord. The CSF is a dense water-like fluid secreted by the brain and flows through the skull and spine into the subara... ...e question and repartee bulletin board. http//209.67.220.19/mayo/askphys/qa990215.htm3)Picture of Lumbar Puncture Tray.http//www.neocare.com/_borders/lpk.ht1.jpg4)Image of Lumbar Puncturehttp//night.medsch.ucla.edu/problem/wwid95/SPINLTP2.gif5)Lum bar Puncture Procedures, For med students. http//www.medstudents.com.br/proced/lumbpunc.htm6)Ask the Mayo Physician, More responses from the bulletin board.http//www.healthanswers.com/database/ami/ reborn/003515.html7)Healthanswers medical research library.http//www.healthanswers.com/database/ami/converted/003526.html8)Health central, More information from healthcentral, with image. http//www.healthcentral.com/mhc/img/img2930.cffm9) Medical review., An informative site with lumbar puncture information. http//cpmcnet.columbia.edu/news/review/archives/medrev_v1n1_0010.html

Brave New World Essay -- essays research papers fc

Alduos Huxley, in his science fiction novel jocund impudently World written in 1932, presents a horrifying receive of a possible future in which comfort and happiness replace hard work and incentive as societys priorities. Mustapha Mond and John the Savage are the symbolical characters in the book with clashing views. Taking place in a London of the future, the people of Utopia mindlessly enjoy having no individuality. In Brave naked as a jaybird World, Huxleys distortion of religion, human relationships and psychological training are very effective and contrast sharply with the literary realism found in the Savage Reservation. Huxley uses Brave New World to send out a message to the general public warning our society not to be so bent on the happiness and comfort that comes with scientific advancements.     Huxley effectively uses distortion in Brave New World in his depiction of Soma as a stand-in for religion. Soma is a rationed narcotic that is emphasize d by the government to help the people escape from their problems. The people of Utopia have become dependent on the drug to keep them in a constant state of pleasure. In their "perfect" society there is no escape from happiness. The primary example of the debasing effects of Soma is Linda. Brought back from the Savage Reservation after being left behind pregnant, Linda faced many moral and ethical dilemmas she chose to avoid. Her addiction to Soma, which is looked upon as a good thing by everyone except John, brings about the terrible end to her life in which she was in a state of constant delusion. Soma, as Mustapha Mond puts it, is "Christianity without tears" (244). Soma, in effect, is the key to social stability in Utopia. Soma prevents uprisings, saves revolutions and suppresses emotions. Although Huxleys distortion of religion is powerful, there are other strong arguments in the book.      Huxley in addition uses distortion as a way to ma ke people "see" in his depiction of human relationships. In the book, sex is looked upon as a implement for sharing with multiple partners. The frequency with which people sleep with each other is a disturbing aspect Huxley chooses to portray. Lenina Crowne symbolizes Huxleys portrayal of the complete lack of sexual moral philosophy and self-respect. Along with Soma, sexual promiscuity is another form in which the governm... ...George Orwell. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House, 1986. 52-56.Gardner, Averil. George Orwell. Boston Twayne, 1987. Harris, Roy. "The Misunderstanding of Newspeak." George Orwell. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House, 1986. 31-34. Howe, Tom. "George Orwell." British Writers Volume VII. Ed. Ian Scott-Kilvert. New York Scribner, 1984. 273-287.Kalechofsky, Roberta. George Orwell. Boston Twayne, 1987.Rahv, Philip. "The Unfuture of Utopia." George Orwell. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House, 1986. 102-105.Read, Her bert. "1984." George Orwell. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House, 1986. 86-89.Reilly, Patrick. Nineteen Eighty Four - A Students Companion to the Novel. Boston Twayne, 1989.Reiff, Phillip. The Complete Guide to George Orwell. New York Chelsea House, 1983. 39-49.Roazen, Antonio. Twentieth Century Literary Criticism Vol II George Orwell. Detroit Gale, 1979.Williams, T.J. Readers Guide to Periodical Literature in English George Orwell. Chicago FD, 1996. Woodcock, George. "Nineteen Eighty-Four." Reference Guide to English Literature Vol III. Chicago St. James, 1991. 61-63.

Traditional Medicines: Tomorrows Miracle Drugs :: Journalistic Essays

Traditional medicines as they were passed on through with(predicate) generations formed the basis of health care in the earliest civilizations. impertinently medical discoveries evolved from this foundation as the medical field developed throughout the ages. Of particular interest are the highly developed Turkish tralatitious medicines. meaning(a) trade routes from advanced societies such as the Chinese and Islamic nations passed through washout, thus introducing their respective medicinal knowledge to this area. In addition, Turkey has a tumescent diversity of endemic plant species which provided them with the necessary natural products use in these remedies. Dr. Nil Sari has translated Islamic medicinal documents and has identified traditional medicines used to cut across what presently is termed cancer. prof John Snyders science lab has used Dr. Saris discoveries to isolate a plant-derived bioactive compound and is currently in the process of synthesizing it.   I joine d Professor Snyders synthetic organic lab group September 1995. I have been assigned my own project under his supervision. The research involves synthesizing a series of triazines with change substituents. Triazines are molecules with three nitrogen atoms in its structure. These compounds will then be used as prototypes so that I may analyze different nitrile replacement reactions. In these reactions, cyanide replaces a specific original substituent on the triazine. Cyanide withdraws electrons from the rest of the molecule, making the atoms around the cyanide electron-deficient. Dr. Snyders lab synthesizes circinate molecules through an inverse Diels-Alder reaction. Generally, an orbital of an electron-deficient molecule with a double-single-double bond sequence overlaps with an orbital of an electron rich reactant. The overlapped orbitals form a bond, which in overrule forms the reactants into a ringed molecule. Cyanide displacements are thus an important technique in prepari ng electron-deficient reactants to form ringed molecules.   The triazine series will also be used as exam molecules in the development of a nitrogen-15 probe. Dr. Hodge Markgraf from Williams College is developing a nuclear magnetized resonance machine for the nitrogen-15 atom. NMR determines the structure of a molecule by plotting the nuclear-spin transitions of the atoms when expose to an external magnetic field. So far, NMR has mainly focused on the hydrogen-1 and carbon-13 isotopes. The N-15 atom is also NMR active because it has an uneven compute of protons (7) and therefore has magnetic properties.Traditional Medicines Tomorrows Miracle Drugs Journalistic EssaysTraditional medicines as they were passed on through generations formed the basis of health care in the earliest civilizations. New medical discoveries evolved from this foundation as the medical field developed throughout the ages. Of particular interest are the highly developed Turkish traditional medicines . Important trade routes from advanced societies such as the Chinese and Islamic nations passed through Turkey, thus introducing their respective medicinal knowledge to this area. In addition, Turkey has a large diversity of endemic plant species which provided them with the necessary natural products used in these remedies. Dr. Nil Sari has translated Islamic medicinal documents and has identified traditional medicines used to treat what presently is termed cancer. Professor John Snyders lab has used Dr. Saris discoveries to isolate a plant-derived bioactive compound and is currently in the process of synthesizing it.   I joined Professor Snyders synthetic organic lab group September 1995. I have been assigned my own project under his supervision. The research involves synthesizing a series of triazines with varying substituents. Triazines are molecules with three nitrogen atoms in its structure. These compounds will then be used as prototypes so that I may test different cyani de replacement reactions. In these reactions, cyanide replaces a specific original substituent on the triazine. Cyanide withdraws electrons from the rest of the molecule, making the atoms around the cyanide electron-deficient. Dr. Snyders lab synthesizes ringed molecules through an inverse Diels-Alder reaction. Generally, an orbital of an electron-deficient molecule with a double-single-double bond sequence overlaps with an orbital of an electron rich reactant. The overlapped orbitals form a bond, which in turn forms the reactants into a ringed molecule. Cyanide displacements are thus an important technique in preparing electron-deficient reactants to form ringed molecules.   The triazine series will also be used as testing molecules in the development of a nitrogen-15 probe. Dr. Hodge Markgraf from Williams College is developing a nuclear magnetic resonance machine for the nitrogen-15 atom. NMR determines the structure of a molecule by plotting the nuclear-spin transitions of t he atoms when exposed to an external magnetic field. So far, NMR has mainly focused on the hydrogen-1 and carbon-13 isotopes. The N-15 atom is also NMR active because it has an uneven number of protons (7) and therefore has magnetic properties.

Traditional Medicines: Tomorrows Miracle Drugs :: Journalistic Essays

Traditional medicines as they were passed on through generations formed the basis of health alimony in the early civilizations. New medical discoveries evolved from this foundation as the medical field substantial throughout the ages. Of particular interest are the highly developed Turkish tralatitious medicines. Important trade routes from advanced societies such as the Chinese and Islamic nations passed through Turkey, thus introducing their respective medicinal knowledge to this area. In addition, Turkey has a large diversity of endemic plant species which provided them with the necessary natural products use in these remedies. Dr. Nil Sari has translated Islamic medicinal documents and has place traditional medicines used to treat what presently is termed cancer. Professor John Snyders lab has used Dr. Saris discoveries to isolate a plant-derived bioactive compound and is currently in the cultivate of synthesizing it.   I join Professor Snyders synthetic organic lab gr oup September 1995. I have been assigned my own project under his supervision. The look for involves synthesizing a serial of triazines with varying substituents. Triazines are molecules with three nitrogen atoms in its structure. These compounds will then be used as prototypes so that I may test incompatible nitril replacement reactions. In these reactions, cyanide replaces a specific original substituent on the triazine. Cyanide withdraws electrons from the rest of the molecule, making the atoms around the cyanide electron-deficient. Dr. Snyders lab synthesizes annulated molecules through an inverse Diels-Alder reaction. Generally, an orbital of an electron-deficient molecule with a double-single-double bond sequence overlaps with an orbital of an electron rich reactant. The overlapped orbitals form a bond, which in turn forms the reactants into a ringed molecule. Cyanide displacements are thus an important technique in preparing electron-deficient reactants to form ringed m olecules.   The triazine series will also be used as testing molecules in the development of a nitrogen-15 probe. Dr. Hodge Markgraf from Williams College is developing a nuclear magnetic resonance machine for the nitrogen-15 atom. NMR determines the structure of a molecule by plotting the nuclear-spin transitions of the atoms when exposed to an external magnetic field. So far, NMR has mainly focused on the hydrogen-1 and carbon-13 isotopes. The N-15 atom is also NMR active because it has an wavy-grained number of protons (7) and so has magnetic properties.Traditional Medicines Tomorrows Miracle Drugs Journalistic EssaysTraditional medicines as they were passed on through generations formed the basis of health care in the earliest civilizations. New medical discoveries evolved from this foundation as the medical field developed throughout the ages. Of particular interest are the highly developed Turkish traditional medicines. Important trade routes from advanced societies s uch as the Chinese and Islamic nations passed through Turkey, thus introducing their respective medicinal knowledge to this area. In addition, Turkey has a large diversity of endemic plant species which provided them with the necessary natural products used in these remedies. Dr. Nil Sari has translated Islamic medicinal documents and has identified traditional medicines used to treat what presently is termed cancer. Professor John Snyders lab has used Dr. Saris discoveries to isolate a plant-derived bioactive compound and is currently in the process of synthesizing it.   I joined Professor Snyders synthetic organic lab group September 1995. I have been assigned my own project under his supervision. The research involves synthesizing a series of triazines with varying substituents. Triazines are molecules with three nitrogen atoms in its structure. These compounds will then be used as prototypes so that I may test different cyanide replacement reactions. In these reactions, cyan ide replaces a specific original substituent on the triazine. Cyanide withdraws electrons from the rest of the molecule, making the atoms around the cyanide electron-deficient. Dr. Snyders lab synthesizes ringed molecules through an inverse Diels-Alder reaction. Generally, an orbital of an electron-deficient molecule with a double-single-double bond sequence overlaps with an orbital of an electron rich reactant. The overlapped orbitals form a bond, which in turn forms the reactants into a ringed molecule. Cyanide displacements are thus an important technique in preparing electron-deficient reactants to form ringed molecules.   The triazine series will also be used as testing molecules in the development of a nitrogen-15 probe. Dr. Hodge Markgraf from Williams College is developing a nuclear magnetic resonance machine for the nitrogen-15 atom. NMR determines the structure of a molecule by plotting the nuclear-spin transitions of the atoms when exposed to an external magnetic fiel d. So far, NMR has mainly focused on the hydrogen-1 and carbon-13 isotopes. The N-15 atom is also NMR active because it has an uneven number of protons (7) and therefore has magnetic properties.

Captain Corelli’s Mandolin by Louis De Bernieres Essay

In Corellis Mandolin, a novel by Louis de Bernires, pincer characters Mandras and Carlo contribute to the complicated relationships mingled with each of the characters. Each individual has an influence on the changing events in the novel and inflict change in the main characters. Though unalike, the two spunk similar struggles that impact other characters and events in both positive and negative ways. In the end, both minor characters have the same fate. Mandras and Carlo are two minor characters that have a significant impact on the events and other characters of the novel.Mandras is a fisherman who falls in love with Pelagia, but breaks their connection after he leaves for the war. The introduction of Mandras at the beginning of the novel is the start of change and alteration in the plot. He falls in love with Dr. Iannis daughter, Pelagia, the moment he lays eye on her. What he thanked Megalo Velicarios for what that in the doctors house he first set eyes on Pelagia, the doctors daughter. (21) He inflicts a significant amount of change in Pelagias character by catching her attention, and he becomes her first love. Their relationship end as Mandrass leaves for war, and Pelagia becomes a victim of misunderstanding. Unfortunately, my dream of Pelagia was better than Pelagia herself. I can see and hear that she is disgusted with her returning hero, and I knew before I went that I was not sizeable enough for her. (141)Mandras discovers that he is an unworthy suitor for Pelagia, and he knows that their relationship has ended once she develops a fascination for Captain Antonio Corelli.Read more Sport chief speech essay

Kodak and Digital Revolution Essay

In 1976 Kodak controlled 90% of the film market and 85% of camera sales in the United States. By 1992 the share of film market decreased by 5%. In 1991 they launched the get-go professional digital camera. In 1998 they spent $1. 2 billion to cardinal joint ventures with the Chinese government and by 1999 became number two in digital cameras in the United States with a 27% market share.In 2001it launched Where it all(prenominal) clicks theme to stimulate digital imaging and in 2002 launched the first mass-market product for digital film processing. By 2003 they controlled most photofinishing transaction in the United States with 15% unprofitable digital camera market. Digital imaging was a disruptive technology that was emerging in early 80s and Kodak got blind spy by its extreme focus on existing customers and their needs.They followed a customer focus strategy instead of taking digital imaging as a disruptive innovation. Their focus was to provide products that its existing clien ts want in a cost effective manner. Kodaks strategy for digital imaging has been way mutilate and its first digital product, the Photo CD which was a failure. It couldnt leverage upon worlds first electronic image sensor that they launched earlier that was widely used by computer industry worldwide. They used all strategies to the disposal but its timing was way off.They used Radical to incremental innovation an use is their digital photography compared to Sonys Then their strategy shifted from convergence of digital and film based imaging to selling hardware such as digital cameras and printers by alliancing with computer and electronic industry. This strategy also failed as competition was too fierce by 1995 and profit margins shrunk. Then strategy was changed to picture employment and network consumables with at least 50% market share.These strategies were based to the changing market needs and competition especially from Fuji films Kodak is a showcase for helplessness to in novate they missed the digital revolution because they were focused on protecting its core business, traditional photographic film. The reality is different, though. Kodak was in fact one of the first companies to pitch worked on digital imaging its not that they were ignoring the digital revolution Today, Kodak is still leading digital imaging, as the company holds many patents in this field that are used in products such as HP printers.The painful Kodak factory closures that one can see nowadays are nada but the price to pay to transition from one era to the other, from the era when Kodak was a chemist to an era when it is a software company. For all its mistakes, Kodak is doing what few companies have been able to do. Lessons Learned No doubt, Kodak was victim of the innovators dilemma. The most immediate takeaway from the fall of Kodak is clear Dont be agoraphobic to cannibalize your own business in the name of progress. But Kodaks inability to make any of its products stand out over the last decennium is demonstrative of an overall reluctance to innovate.

Chem pre lab

If you have entered any of your lab data Incorrectly, please use the link at a lower place to send a request directly to your TA and Instructors email Inbox which Is monitored during normal school hours. Reset Data Request Tannest, your calculation is correctly You have non completed your assignment. Double check that you have completed EVERY question or essay. Click Here for next problem. What are the hazards associated with sodium hydroxide (Noah) resultant? Sodium hydroxide is toxic and corrosive burns and skin irritation can occur AAA. What burette reading should your record when the liquid level is as shown in Figurer? 3. 5 3. 44 0. 25 0. 5 there will be a color change 3. A student tranquil the following data in the laboratory Mass flask (g) 52. 86 Mass flask and sample (g) 53. 46Concentration of Noah solution (M) 0. 109 Initial burette reading (ml) net burette reading (ml) 23. 75 a. What is the mass, in grams, of the sample (g) 0. 6 b. What volume, in liters, of Noah solut ion was used in the titration (L) 0. 101 0. 02328 0. 02322 0. 1 c. How many moles of Noah were used in the titration (moles) d. How many moles of ascorbic acid were neutralized (moles) e. How many grams of ascorbic acid is this (g) f. What is the mass percent ascorbic acid in the sample (%)

Sport Policy and Development- Discuss the Relationship Between Sport and Crime Reduction and Critically Assess the Benefits/Limitations That Sport Presents in Achieving Positive Results.

shimmer Policy and Development- Summative 1 Discuss the relationship between pas seul and unlawful offence lessening and critic solelyy assess the benefits/limitations that swash presents in achieving positive results. In this piece of literature there will be an in depth discussion of the conglomerate relationship between gasconade and abomination. There will be a lot of focus on the debate of whether sport plays a positive component in offensive activity reduction in parliamentary law, and in what ways sport can be used as a method to lower plague in society.This essay will endeavour to critically examine both the benefits and limitations of sport to achieve positive results in reducing crime in society. The circumstance is that crime in society isnt a straight forward issue, it is extremely complex. In this section there will be an assessment of the reasons for why sport is believed to either reduce or influence crime. There be multiple theories to arouse that spo rt can be used in society as a mechanism to produce a positive influence over crime in all areas of society.There are many theories for why communities perceive a reduction in criminal activities when good sports policies are go throughed and carried out. One of the theories for this was explored in Mutz and Baur investigation in 2009 into youths involvement in conflict and force-out and the role of sport in preventing it. They wrote about the crime opportunity surmise, they said that offenders often act in a purposive and instrumental- rational manner insofar as they evaluate the cost and benefit that might accompany an offence in a given situation. In otherwise explicates the perceived likelihood of detection and the effected severity of the punishment define the cost of a crime. They go on to say that the presence of people significantly reduces the likelihood of crimes organism committed. This theory has been used to prove that sport can reduce crime, particularly in yout hs. It is evident to see that deviant actions are dramatically reduced in the presence of authority figures that monitor the adolescents whilst taking part in physical activity. In many cases this time can be used to witness youths misdemeanours and negatively reinforce these actions therefore bettering them (Mutz and Baur,. 009). However, there are enquiryers that oppose this notion that this theory reduces crime in society as a whole but sort of most of the time simply delays the crime until away from that environment. An article in Sport Illustrated by Jeff Benedict (2010) spoke about how instances of serious felonies perpetrated by college athletes who demand round the clock are on the ontogenesis. This not only directly contradicts the opportunity theory but Benedict goes on to talk about how these athletes were protected by their sporting status and received reduced sentences or no sentence at all.This suggests that sport is possibly increasing crime due(p) to the provid ing granting immunity and disrespect for the law in effect glorifying criminal activity (Benedict,. 2010). Another theory that supports these structured supervised sports sessions for youth in the attempt to reduce crime is Fred Coalter Antidote to tediousness theory. This theory is a common sense assumption on the old phrase the devil finds work for idle give and links in with the crime opportunity theory.It suggests that much adolescent crime is opportunity led and giving people several(prenominal)thing (hopefully constructive) to do hopefully keeps them out of reproachs way. In other words in the promotion of sport and a productive activity it therefore reduces the temptation to participate in deviant activity (Coalter,. 2007). It has been theorised that young people, the majority of which are adolescent males, display aggressive or violent tendencies whilst frustrated or angry, this is said to be due to an instincts that we are born with. It was famously stated by Sigmund F reud (1925) that in certain scenarios we are born to be bad.In more than recent years this theory has been proven to be indeed fact and under further investigation it is thought that when a person behaves aggressively these actions release hormones resulting in catharsis, a word derived from the Greek word katharsis which means to purge/cleanse the body. Behaving like this reduces pent up negative tension this in turn enables temper legislation more easily. Sport replicates these feelings of aggression and simulates the catharsis of aggression therefore releasing frustration that leads to a state known as emotional cleansing.This acts as a positive tool with adolescents so that aggression is released in a productive and safe environment and suggests that sports that require more aggression, much(prenominal) as all connexion sports should see a reduced participation in crime from those individuals (Widmeyer et al,. 2002). The Social Bonding theory as theorised by Hirschi in 1969 consists of 4 elements these world attachment to families, commitment to fond norms, institutions and involvement in activities and the belief that these things are important.This theory suggests people who produce social ties with positive role models these existence either friends or family, particularly from a young age promote socially acceptable behaviours and attitudes and are reinforced more effectively. These behaviours and attitudes could be any or all of the 4 elements that in turn reduce the likelihood of criminal participation. Commitment or responsibility inspires pride in ones ego and helps promote self-confidence.Involvement in conventional activities such as sport can provide life direction and a provide focus for people at essay of committing crimes. Finally, belief is the acceptance of moral validity of the central social- value system (Wiatrowski et al, . 1981). Sport is a great medium to induce the social attach perspective onto society because sport ethics are a mirror image of those we find in every day society (e. g. hard work, lasting rules, teamwork etc.. ) therefore it tightens bonds to moral codes and in turn limits the likelihood of committing criminal acts (Miethe and Meier,. 994 ). The social learning theory (SLT) suggests that individual behavioural patterns particularly that of minors are firmly influenced by observation, imitation and reinforcement (Grusec,. 1997). This theory provides arguments for both sides of this argument. On the one hand an argument can be made that contact and noncontact sports can train strong moral codes to play by the rules or suffer negative consequences, work hard at everything you do in order to receive bonnie rewards, and maintain interpersonal skills in order to maintain strong relationships that help teamwork.These positive behaviours and attitudes are then in theory adopted in to other areas of life, therefore reducing crime participation (Biel and Bienne,. 2008). For example studies have shown that contact sport if taught correctly can display a positive reductions in crime, Trulson rear that the traditional philosophical and psychological elements were vital to be effective in reducing the chance factors associated with offending, if these elements are removed combat sport was instead associated with an increase in criminal behaviour.This is a prime example of SLT (Endresen and Olweus,. 2005). This evidence suggests that sport isnt as clear cut as that and in fact sport in most scenarios promotes aggression and even encourages wildness towards other people, but it is acceptable because it is in a sports environment. Examples of this could be manufactured fouls in football or the more obvious displays of violence in contact sports. Some theorists believe that SLT and crime participation can be related to these sports because of the skills and attitudes taught in order to be successful within the game e. g. win at all costs, intimidate, be strong and powerful to get your own way, defend team mates. alone these can lead to individuals being more likely to become involved in violence than those people that have other leisure activities (Hickley,. 2008). Quite distinctly there is what some might perceive as very contentious points raised in many areas of this study, and a lot of literature seems to have an abundance of contradictory dimensions. Having read various pieces of literature it is easy to see why there is so much disagreement where crime reduction and sport initiatives are concerned.An example of these controversies is in the first point raised, that sport provides an environment in the spot light where people can take part in productive, non-deviant activities and possibly allow social workers to enforce positive attitudes to law abiding and team work. However, to say that this prevents crime full stop is naive and some enquiryers suggest that methods such as late night basketball is not economically viable in relation the am ount of crime in prevents (Hartman and Depro,. 2006).Research also suggest that sport as an antidote for boredom falls across similar traits in the sense that yes there is an increase in crime particularly amongst youths during periods of perceived boredom and yes sport does act as a remedy for this. However this only displays short term results in reducing crime in a division of adolescent males and virtually no females regardless of age. This is because as soon as the youths get bored of the activities very often they would revert back to manufactured devotion in the medium of crime and deviant activity (Levermore,. 2011)The second contentious issue concerns the social learning theorys effect on crime through sport. The positives and negatives of sports influences on crime are heavily debated in research of this type especially within contact sport communities. As discussed earlier sport provides an environment were positive attitudes and behaviours can be learnt, refined and re inforced particularly within crime at risk areas and demonstrate positive results. However, studies show that contact sports display opposite results where untroubled youths are concerned and can in fact increase crime participation within these groups.This is said to run the risk of overdosing minor offenders with interventions which is known to increase crime participation (Jenkins and Ellis,. 2011 ). This of course creates a paradox because if contact sport interventions are only appropriate for at risk communities, should they only be accessible to individuals at the risk of offending this would obviously produce social stigmas, labelling and social segregation leading to possible social tensions that wake conflict.Or should this particular policy area available to everyone at risk seducing those without prior criminal involvement with the violence of contact sport therefore providing the potential for subversive activity? However when considering contact sports popularity in society there does seem to be a lack of interventions that use it as a tool to reduce criminal activity.The main limiting factors when questioning the positives and negatives of sport and its effectiveness as a crime reduction strategy in society is that more empirical research into the short and long-term benefits is needed along with a correct understanding of the type of programme that is appropriate for different social groups and the strategies that can effectively implement long lasting effects, merely establishing a statistical association for short periods of time in insufficient (Nichols,. 1999).The second limiting factor is the lack of research as regards to the effect of sport and intervention to crime in the older community and all female groups. There is virtually no evidence to suggest that sport helps female offenders. However this may be because statistically speaking males are responsible for 74% of crimes committed and it is common sense that initiatives are aimed at culprits, (British hatred Statistics) although a feminist perspective in this policy area could be beneficial (Coakley and Pike,. 009) As these points suggest, making the policy with the aim to reduce crime in society is very difficult and it seems that there will never be any middle ground on the subject. However with all the pedantic and statistical literature taken into account there was a common theme in the majority of them. The conclusion that most studies drew was that there is assuage no evidence to suggest that sport has an influence over crime in society in either direction.Smith and Waddington concluded that despite vast amount of such community schemes currently in operation in the UK, there is still very little evidence for their effectiveness in reducing and preventing crime and drug abuse (Smith and Waddington,. 2004). This is supported by various other academic articles (Caruso,. 2011, Coalter,. 2005, Nichols and Crow,. 2004). In my opinion the best way to com bat crime is via top part coaching in communities that teach appropriate values that sports uphold and therefore can be transferred into everyday society.Secondly, the correlation between contact sports, physical violence and aggression in society and reoffending criminality is too high and causes to many social problems, therefore I feel it would be better if initiatives are intentional around non-contact sports, so when unnecessary aggression is portrayed it is reinforced with negative consequences e. g. card, sending off. This is transferable to everyday life.Thirdly, I believe that sport crime interventions are the best resource we have in terms of cost efficiency, documented research and developed programmes and it is likely that any other initiatives would show the exact kindred results if not worse. With this in mind we should heed the evidence that suggests the best way to target crime in society when using the medium of sport is by targeting the impressionable youth comm unity, we should continue this focus. However for more decisive conclusions to be drawn from studies in this area there needs to be more extensive, more representative and more investment in longitudinal studies.References D. J Begg, J. D Langley, T. Moffittand S. W. Marshall. (1996). Sport and delinquency an examination of the deterrence hypothesis in a longitudinal study. British Journal of Sport Medicine. 30 (4), 335-341. J. Benedict . (2010). An alarming number of college athletes charged with serious crime. Available http//sportsillustrated. cnn. com/2010/writers/jeff_benedict/09/08/athletes. crime/index. html. Last accessed 2nd February . Biel and Bienne. (2008). Evidence in the field of Sport and Development An overview. Schwery Consulting . 1 (1), 4-14 . R. Caruso. (2011).Crime and sport participation Evidence from Italian regions over the period 19972003 . The Journal of Socio-Economics. 40 (5), 455-463. J. Coakley and E. Pike . (2009). Using social theories How can they he lp us study sports in society?. In M. Havelock, J. Fray and J. Bishop, Sports in connection Issues and Controversies. London McGraw-Hill Education . 49-51. F. Coalter. (2005). The Social Benefits of Sport. An Overview to Inform the friendship Planning Process. 1 (98), 25-31. F. Coalter (2007 ). A Wider Social Role For Sport Whos Keeping Score?. London Routledge . 119- 12 . I. M. Endresen and D. Olweus . (2005).Participation in power sports and antisocial. Journal of baby Psychology and Psychiatry. 46 (5), 468-478. J. E. Grusec. (1997). Social Learning Theory and Developmental Psychology The Legacies of Robert Sears and Albert Bandura . Developmental Psychology . 28 (5), 776-786 D. Hartman and B. Depro . (2006). Re-thinking sport-based community crime prevention a overture analysis of the relationship between Midnight Basketball and urban crime rates. Journal of Sport & Social Issues. 30 (2), 180-96. C. Hickey. (2008). Physical Education, sport and Hyper-masculinity in Schools. Sport, Education and Society . 13 (2), 147-161.C. Jenkins and T. Ellis . (2011). The highway to Hooliganism? An evaluation of the impact of combat sport participation an individual criminality. International Journal of Police Science and Management . 13 (2), 117-131. R. Levermore. (2011). Evaluating sport for development approaches and critical issues. Progress in Development Studies. 11 (4), 339-353. T. McEntire. (2006). 10 Benefits of Playing Sports. Available http//www. families. com/blog/10-benefits-of-playing-sports. Last accessed 2nd February . T. D. Miethe and R. F. Meier (1994). Social background Toward an Intergraded Theory of Offenders, Victims and Situation .New York State University of New York . 9- 27. M. Mutz and J. Baur. (2009). The role of sports for violence prevention Sport club participation and violent behavior among adolescents . International Journal of Sport Policy. 1 (3), 305-321. G. Nichols . (1999). The difficulties of Justifying local authority sports and leisure programmes for young people with reference to an objective of crime reduction . Vista . 6 (2), 151-164. G. Nichols and I. Crow. (2004). Measuring the Impact of Crime Reduction Interventions Involving Sports Activities for Young People . The Howard Journal. 43 (3), 267283.A. Smith and I. Waddington . (2004 ). Using sport and community schemes to tackle crime and drug use among young people some policy issues and problems . European Physical Education Review . 10 (3), 279-298. M. D. Wiatrowski, D. B. Griswold and M. K. Roberts. (1981). Social Control Theory and Delinquency. American Sociological Review. 46 (5), 525-541. W. N. Widmeyer, S. R. Bray, K. D. Dorsch and E. J. Mcguire . (2002). Explanations for the Occurrence of Aggression . In J. M. Silva and D. E. Stevens Psychological Foundations of Sport . Boston A Pearson Education Company . 352-353.

Innocent drinks Company Essay

liberal take ins is order that selling famous drinks in The United Kingdom which started by 3 Cambridge students in 1999. This is a drink that makes with 100 per centum pure and natural fruit juice. Smoothies are the primary product of Innocent drinks and people are aware of it due to its healthy image. The confederacy provides different product range and the distribution of channels covered most of the super markets, coffee shops and etc. For every year Innocent drinks get out donate 10 percent of their profits to charity and this c every(prenominal)ed The Innocent Foundation. This foundation has helped a lot of people. This report impart analyses the process of Innocent drinks from 1999 to 2013.1.Organization StructureThere are some(prenominal) types of organization social organization, for example, hierarchical structure, matrix structure and etc. For different structure, it has different result, management and objective. Innocent drinks was a small business in very milit ant markets which is fit to entrepreneurial structure. The advantages of this structure are that the core team stomach make decisions quickly and for the members they finish give some ideas to the core team and make the problem that they are facing. Innocent drinks started from entrepreneurial structure and turned to hierarchical structure after few years. The reason of Innocent drinks turned into another structure is beca phthisis they apprisenot satisfy their needs.They want to make themselves to be more famous and to earn more profit. Innocent drinks thinks that hierarchical structure has a good scale that can separate into different departments to achieve specialization. This can let the employees know what spot they are doing and they can exert their abilities. For example, in marketing they can help to support the product or to think of a new design to attract the customers to buy it. When every department do well in the way they flip to, it is easy for Innocent drinks to manage and achieve expected target like turnover.OwnershipAccording to pay maps of world ( 2012 ), Business ownership means having the halt over business enterprise and being able to dictate is functioning and operations. From the beginning of Innocent drinks there were created by three Cambridge students who are Richard Reed, Adam Balon and Jon Wright. They utilise 500 pounds to set up this business withpartnership. The advantages of having a partnership are they can share the responsibility and operate for the common goal of making a profit. On the other hand, partnership lack of finance to expend so Innocent drinks decided to turn into private limited company in 2007 and it can separate legal identity, which can safeguard the operation of business and the company can debt more money from the bank it is because Innocent drinks can be a mortgage.Moreover, being a private limited company can have the purchase discounts and this can save some money for the company. Two years la ter, Innocent drinks has sold 18 percent of the company to Coca dope which means that Coca Cola has the right to operate Innocent drinks. In 2013, Coca Cola has fully control Innocent drinks with 91 percent share. This cause that Innocent drinks has only a small minority holding. Hence, Innocent drinks turned into consultancy business which can only provide ideas and services.GrowthInvestopedia ( 2013 ) point out that Growth is an increase in the capacity of an economy to produce goods and services, compared from one period of time to another. Since the market change rapidly Innocent drinks has to create new type of product to cater the needs of the customers. From the beginning, Innocent drinks has only 3 recipes to almost 30 more over the years. The juice ranges of Innocent drinks started from the original taste and evolve to mixed taste. The product ranges is different, including kid, smoothie and thickies. For example, kid drinks are specially made to provide all the essentiall y vitamins to sustain their growth. In this product, Innocent drinks has made a different design and size to cater the needs children.2.Reason of growthThere are few reasons why Innocent drinks can be grown rapidly. Firstly, advertising. Innocent drinks has different advertisement on the television and for each advertisement it will represent their chief(prenominal) product and shows that Innocent drinks never sweetened and never concentrated. The use of the advertisement is to build up a healthy image of Innocent drinks so that the customers will start considering to purchase this product.Secondly, PJs smoothies is the main rival of Innocent drinks. PJs smoothies has changed the image and increased price because it wants to be apremier tarnish. While PJs smoothies increased its price, it lost some loyal customers at the same time. Innocent drinks might be cheaper than PJs smoothies, therefore, this cause more customers to choose Innocent drinks. Finance is another factor that enh ances the growth of Innocent drinks. In 2004, the annual profit is 968000 pounds and it increases to 3066000 pounds in 2005.3.Business strategyBusiness strategy is a business plan that takes derriere long-term in order to help achieve a specific goal or objective. Christina C (N.D.) The company analyzes the external and internal business milieu before making an accurate decision. SWOT and PESTLE are the planning methods to evaluate the company. Strengths Innocent drinks products are higher(prenominal)ly competitive because it made with 100 percent pure fruit juice and high quality and low price these are the advantages over the rivals. Weaknesses distribution channels are small and weak brand reputation compare to other drink companies. Opportunity Innocent Drinks serve the expectation of producing 100% fruit drinks and change the consumer tastes because the new products can attract their attention. Moreover, the company expands the market including target elderly. This is a u nique area that preferable than other competitors.Threats weather, the weather might affect the quality of the fruits and the transport and Innocent drinks has many rival, for example, PJs smoothies, Pepsi and Tropicana. Political The government is very concerned about health and safety. Innocent drinks has to list out the ingredient on the product because it has to nurse the consumer. Economic Since ostentation and the increase rate of unemployment will affect the confidence of consumers. Therefore, they tend to buy a cheaper brand instead of Innocent Drinks. Moreover, the economic condition also influences the company. For example, the high costs of purchasing ingredients and the taxation. Social education, nowadays people are more concerned about their health therefore they will choose to buy a drink that is healthy for them, for example, 100 percent pure fruit juice and without any sugar. For population, Innocent drinks has not only targeted the adults and kids but also th e elderlies.Furthermore, Innocent drinks will strengthen their brand through the advertisement, establish the healthy image in the society. Technological affect the production level ofInnocent drinks because of the innovative technology. It leads to producing the juice talent and reduce the productive average costs by economies of scale. Moreover, the advance of technology can improve the communication flow which is beneficial of making accurate decision. Furthermore, the use of technology is helpful for Innocent Drinks to recycle the bottles. Legal minimum wage, for the company of Innocent drinks they have to sign a contract with every worker to protect their pay. Environmental the trend of the world. The earth is facing global warming which makes Innocent drinks decided to recycle the plastic bottles to save the world

Terrorism

1. Philosohies and rules of war dictate that it is both sound and practical that groups with the aforementi wizd(prenominal) opponent and the same schema forge alliances or common supportive coexistence, and in that respect is a truly high probability that that dogma would be followed, considering the fact that terror group leaders argon learned men.But the question of having the same agenda is putting terrorism in a very general and pop culture perspective since the truth is that these types of militant extremists hire, at some level, alter aims and goals. But another important point is the fact that these contrastive groups smoke be brought together to act as one unit in a full scale operation. The best example of this tendency is the 9/11 bombing, described by the FBI a few days after the incident as a handiwork of an alliance of terrorists.2. The pall of gloom that terrorism brought not only in the US solely around the world is not just the holy terror to life, but as we ll as the threat to liberty. Because of the growing manhunt for suspected terrorists and the increased drive to let the upper hand and identify terrorists horizontal before they can accomplish their missions, some elements of the law enforcement agencies ar willing to overstep their boundaries marked by the exercise of individuals of their close basic human right, earn to trespass the domain of private communication with the use of galore(postnominal) and all technologies acquirable, including the Internet.Terror groups excessively found the use of Internet for their cause ransom demands are telecast via video streaming while home made and improvised bombs k this instant-how is just a few mouse clicks away. For this new problem, the solution may lie in in old practices kill the head of the serpent and the body ceases to be dangerous. The Internet should not be the target, as US knows it cannot afford to start a new war even in cyberspace.3. Michael Hamm reported that mo tor vehicle violations, counterfeiting, smuggling weapons of mass destruction and armed bank robbery, are several reprehensible acts terrorist participate in. The most common criminal action that terrorists do is the falsification of documents and forgery. Almost every terrorist who entered the country carries a false identification. This criminal act is very crucial in the operation of terrorist cells in the country since the first and most important part of a terrorist mission is the entry of a terrorist in a country or place wherein the terrorist action would take place. This is the reason why border officials are consistently monitoring the many entry and exit points of the country.4. The most significant findings and information contained in the Hamm report is the moving away of the image of the mythical militant extremists to purely purist forms of terrorism from the true terrorists which is a great deal less now conformed in the mold of idealist / hero into nothing more tha n a common criminal.The implications for the criminal justice system of this newfound knowledge consist of the practical responsibility law enforcement and criminal justice elements when it comes to profiling active and prospective terrorists by investigating the offenses for they are in trial for. Hamm concluded how a authoritative set of criminal acts bend towards event groups as its identifiable crime suspects and this newfound information can be utilized as another competent tool to battle terrorism.5. Both international and domestic terrorism presents a straighten and urgent threat to the US, simply because a threat to even one single life is an important issue to the US government, or to any government for that matter. Domestic and international terrorism may have many similarities and differences which include M.O. (method of operation), financing, training, orientation, goals, aims and motivation, strength in numbers, leadership hierarchy. Intelligence network and arm s and ammunitions supplies, terrorism still wears the same face and the governments efforts to counter it do not diminish base on the type of terror group it faces.Terrorism and the governments fight against it is a microcosm of the proverbial battle of good versus evil the truth is that there will perpetually be a group of people who will try to use force and intimidation to achieve there cause. Terrorists might have a different name in the future, and the government which the people created is always tasked to battle a constant threat to life presented by another man as a go out of differences in ideology.ReferencesHamm, M. S. (2005). Crimes Committed by Terrorist conventions Theory, Research andPrevention. US Department of Justice. Retrieved October 10, 2007, fromhttp//www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/211203.pdfSchmid, A. (2005). Links between Terrorism and Drug Trafficking A Case of Narcoterrorism. Retrieved October 10, 2007.Sisk, R. and Smith, G. B. (2001). Feds assimila te Names Of 19 In Dark Alliance. The New YorkDaily News. Retrieved October 10, 2007, fromhttp//www.fromthewilderness.com/timeline/2001/nydailynews091501.htmlTerrorismAssignment 2. Prepare a written brief for a Board (you can choose any ac confederation real or imaginary) explaining why they should increase or decrease their security in singing to the threat of terrorism. BRIEFING ON THE THREAT OF TERRORISM POSED TOWARDS TELECOMS ORGANISATIONS OPERATING IN AFRICA Purpose The draw a bead on of this briefing note is to present an overview of terrorist threats within Africa, spesifically towards the Vodacom institution operating in the Democtratic land of Congo (DRC) and to make recommendations on how to mitigate the take chances.Background Terrorism the unite Nations General Assembly has condemned terrorist acts utilize the following political exposition of terrorism Criminal acts mean or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or pa rticular persons for political purposes are in any circumstance unjustifiable, whatever the considerations of a political, philosophical, ideological, racial, ethnic, religious or any other nature that may be invoked to disengage them. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Definitions_of_terrorism Terrorism has become a global threat and is not just confined to the theatre of war, it is also not only targeted at nations involved in those conflicts like the United States (9/11) and bully Britain (the July 7 London Bombings) but also with any nation and organization that is seen as an ally of such nations.ESICS Briefing on THE TERRORISM THREAT associate TO THE LIBYAN CRISIS states obviously on the top of the list of likely targets for Colonel Gaddafi are the United Kingdom and France, they are closely followed by the United States (an old and regular enemy of Libya but also by the Arab countries taking part in the coalition, every single national participating in the operations could be s een as a legitimate target. In stating this the point that I am making is, although Vodacom is a South African operation, we must take into concideration that Vodafone, a British entity is our major(ip) hareholder and the building where our head office is located, Building Gulf Oil is an American institution. Thus it would be a grave error to make the assumption that the company cannot be seen as a target of militant action and sensationalism. Current Situation STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT Emerging Terrorist Networks As al- nucleotide has syndicated its ideology and violence, its affiliates and adherents in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula have become increasingly networked and adaptable in their recruiting, training, financing, and operations.Violent extremist organizations, insurgents, and criminal organizations are exploiting weak governance and under-governed spaces, and ride out determined to harm the United States, our partners and Allies, and innocent civilians. General Carter Ham, USA Commander, USA Africa Command in his address to the Senate of Armed Services Committee, 2 March 2013(sic). Terrorist organisations are operating in legion(predicate) African countries now including but not limited to Country Active Terrorist Networks (only major listed)Cameroon Al root Movement for democracy and Development (MDD) Chad Al Qaeda Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad (MDJC) +2 Egypt Al Qaeda + 11 Eritrea Al Qaeda Eritrean Moslem Jihad Movement (EIJH) Ethiopia Al Qaeda Ethiopian Islamic Jihad Movement (EIJH) + 6 Kenya Al Qaeda Al Shabaab Libya Al Qaeda Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) Morocco Al Qaeda Moroccan Combatant Islamic Group (MCIG) Nigeria Al Qaeda Boko Haram Somalia Al Qaeda Al-Shabaab Sudan Al Qaeda Sudan People Liberation soldiery (SPLA) Hezbollah Syria Al Qaeda Al Nusra Tanzania Al Qaeda People Liberation PartyZambia Riyadus-Salikhin Reconnaissance Al Nusra line http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Terrorism and www. crimicwe b. org The Horn of Africa is Africas bridge to the Middle East. That fact explains much about the complex interrelationships between differing Islamic cultures within Africa, from east to west. (John Harbeson, The War on Terrorism in Africa Princeton N. Lyman from Africa in World Politics p7) Vodacom Congo has up till now not considered terrorism to be a significant threat to business operations but rather conventional security threats as in fire, arson, bomb threats and armed robbery to name but a few.Recommendations The risk management department recommends that the company review all emergency response, disaster recovery and business continuity protocols. Establishing contingency plans is suggested general training for all employees would result in more in force(p) response should an emergency occur and is highly recommended. It is imperative that all security measures are reevaluated and a gap analysis be conducted. Recommended areas where improvements are needed * accession and egress control policies should be enforced for effective visitor control and especially with vehicles entering premises and deliveries of parcels. Do an judging of all CCTV and monitoring operate and place additive cameras where needed. * At the moment the local security service provider is ill equipped, there are no personal body scanners available at the building entrances. * There is no equipment available to search vehicles, i. e. stemmed mirrors etc. * Retraining of security personnel, the security officers have not been trained on what to look for and how to search vehicles and people properly. * General housekeeping, rubbish collection and building perimeters. (certificate Management Bulletin no 6.Countermeasures of threats of terrorist action) Training for these officers should localise on the following types of terrorist bam * Person borne IED (improvised explosive device) * Vehicle borne IED * Bombs directed against property and infrastructure, delivered in trucks , vehicles, packages, briefcases, laptop bags and also in postal items * Fire bombs using chemicals and incendiaries * Improvised mortar attacks * Riots and civil disturbance * Kidnapping for ransom and extortion * Armed robbery, fraud and credit card fraud for financing purposes * Assassination of key figures trade protection Management Bulletin no 6. Countermeasures of threats of terrorist action) In a nutshell the security department should do a threat analysis and identify areas where the terrorist would want to * Penetrate * forfend * Exploit * Attack Jason A, 16 April 2013, Boston Marathon Bombings, in his briefing after the bombings, also suggest that it should be noted that due to the recent attacks in Boston, that security at airports crosswise the United States and Great Britain has increased substantially. Business travelers are cognizant to allow extra time to get to the ticket counters and to their gates.There are long queues at the sign in counter and the duration of the security process has increased due to additional random bag searches. Hotel security has increased as well travelers are advised to adhere to corporate security policies as well as local policies. In saying that if employees travel to the United States or the United Kingdom for the purpose of visiting Vodacoms parent company or any other business travel, it is advised to monitor local media for additional security measures. This will also apply to the other countries mentioned where known terrorist cells are operating. ConclusionA school of thought that postulates as major disasters never occur at a time or in a manner that may be anticipated, pre-catastrophe planning is futile is a gross abdication of reponsibilty and cannot be supported. (Security Management bulletin 5. Disaster Planning) Vodacom Congo has clear ties with the United Kingdom due to alliances and shareholding agreements, Vodacoms offices are located in a building owned by an American entity and the building i s shared by Chevron Oil which is an American owned company, it would therefore be foolish not to recognize the direct threat to the company, its employees and assets. It would be surprising if many businesses and orginisations could avoid the consequences of terrorism at some time in their existance. (Security management Bulletin 5. Disaster Planning) It is therefore imperative that urgent security focus is lay on the threat that terrorism poses to the company and its operations, large walk in customer care areas are prime targets where tons of people gather. A commensurateness of security measure are very important to maintain a vigilant level of protection without creating too much discomfort to the employees, visitors, business partners and customers.References Martin Gill, The vade mecum of Security. 2006 The Security Institute. Security Management Bulletin 5. Emergency Procedures Major Disasters. Rachel Briggs, R. and Edwards, C. The business of resilience. DEMOS 2006 The Security Institute. Security Management Bulletin No 6. Countermeasures to threats of terrorist action. John Harbeson, The War on Terrorism in Africa Princeton N. Lyman from Africa in World Politics p7 Human Rights Watch In the name of security, www. hrw. org Wikipedia Website http//en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Terrorism Michael Burleigh Al-Qaeda and a Decade of Terror Andre Burstin European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center (ESISC), Boko Haram and the Risk of Terrorism in Northern Cameroon 01 April 2012 Claude Moniquet, European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center (ESISC), The Terrorist Threat tie in to the Libyan Crisis. 2011 Jason A Boston Marathon Bombing, Aon Crisis Management Consulting/ Global Risk Consulting. p4 Subscriber Journal, 16 April 2013TerrorismAssignment 2. Prepare a written briefing for a Board (you can choose any company real or imaginary) explaining why they should increase or decrease their security in relation to the threat of terrorism. BRIEFING ON THE THREAT OF TERRORISM POSED TOWARDS TELECOMS ORGANISATIONS OPERATING IN AFRICA Purpose The purpose of this briefing note is to present an overview of terrorist threats within Africa, spesifically towards the Vodacom organisation operating in the Democtratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and to make recommendations on how to mitigate the risk.Background Terrorism the United Nations General Assembly has condemned terrorist acts using the following political description of terrorism Criminal acts intended or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or particular persons for political purposes are in any circumstance unjustifiable, whatever the considerations of a political, philosophical, ideological, racial, ethnic, religious or any other nature that may be invoked to justify them. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Definitions_of_terrorism Terrorism has become a global threat and is not just confined to the theatre of war, it is also not only targeted at nations involved in those conflicts like the United States (9/11) and Great Britain (the July 7 London Bombings) but also with any nation and organization that is seen as an ally of such nations.ESICS Briefing on THE TERRORISM THREAT LINKED TO THE LIBYAN CRISIS states obviously on the top of the list of likely targets for Colonel Gaddafi are the United Kingdom and France, they are closely followed by the United States (an old and usual enemy of Libya but also by the Arab countries taking part in the coalition, every single national participating in the operations could be seen as a legitimate target. In stating this the point that I am making is, although Vodacom is a South African operation, we must take into concideration that Vodafone, a British entity is our major hareholder and the building where our head office is located, Building Gulf Oil is an American institution. Thus it would be a grave mistake to make the assumption that the company cannot be seen as a target of mi litant action and sensationalism. Current Situation STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT Emerging Terrorist Networks As al-Qaeda has syndicated its ideology and violence, its affiliates and adherents in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula have become increasingly networked and adaptable in their recruiting, training, financing, and operations.Violent extremist organizations, insurgents, and criminal organizations are exploiting weak governance and under-governed spaces, and remain determined to harm the United States, our partners and Allies, and innocent civilians. General Carter Ham, USA Commander, USA Africa Command in his address to the Senate of Armed Services Committee, 2 March 2013(sic). Terrorist organisations are operating in numerous African countries now including but not limited to Country Active Terrorist Networks (only major listed)Cameroon Al Qaeda Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD) Chad Al Qaeda Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad (MDJC) +2 Egypt Al Qaeda + 11 Erit rea Al Qaeda Eritrean Islamic Jihad Movement (EIJH) Ethiopia Al Qaeda Ethiopian Islamic Jihad Movement (EIJH) + 6 Kenya Al Qaeda Al Shabaab Libya Al Qaeda Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) Morocco Al Qaeda Moroccan Combatant Islamic Group (MCIG) Nigeria Al Qaeda Boko Haram Somalia Al Qaeda Al-Shabaab Sudan Al Qaeda Sudan People Liberation Army (SPLA) Hezbollah Syria Al Qaeda Al Nusra Tanzania Al Qaeda People Liberation PartyZambia Riyadus-Salikhin Reconnaissance Al Nusra Source http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Terrorism and www. crimicweb. org The Horn of Africa is Africas bridge to the Middle East. That fact explains much about the complex interrelationships between differing Islamic cultures within Africa, from east to west. (John Harbeson, The War on Terrorism in Africa Princeton N. Lyman from Africa in World Politics p7) Vodacom Congo has up till now not considered terrorism to be a significant threat to business operations but rather conventional security threats as in fire, arson, bomb threats and armed robbery to name but a few.Recommendations The risk management department recommends that the company review all emergency response, disaster recovery and business continuity protocols. Establishing contingency plans is suggested general training for all employees would result in more efficient response should an emergency occur and is highly recommended. It is imperative that all security measures are reevaluated and a gap analysis be conducted. Recommended areas where improvements are needed * Access and egress control policies should be enforced for effective visitor control and especially with vehicles entering premises and deliveries of parcels. Do an assessment of all CCTV and monitoring services and place additional cameras where needed. * At the moment the local security service provider is ill equipped, there are no personal body scanners available at the building entrances. * There is no equipment available to search vehicles, i. e. stemmed mirrors etc. * Retraining of security personnel, the security officers have not been trained on what to look for and how to search vehicles and people properly. * General housekeeping, rubbish collection and building perimeters. (Security Management Bulletin no 6.Countermeasures of threats of terrorist action) Training for these officers should focus on the following types of terrorist attack * Person borne IED (improvised explosive device) * Vehicle borne IED * Bombs directed against property and infrastructure, delivered in trucks, vehicles, packages, briefcases, laptop bags and also in postal items * Fire bombs using chemicals and incendiaries * Improvised mortar attacks * Riots and civil disturbance * Kidnapping for ransom and extortion * Armed robbery, fraud and credit card fraud for financing purposes * Assassination of key figures Security Management Bulletin no 6. Countermeasures of threats of terrorist action) In a nutshell the security department should do a threa t analysis and identify areas where the terrorist would want to * Penetrate * Avoid * Exploit * Attack Jason A, 16 April 2013, Boston Marathon Bombings, in his briefing after the bombings, also suggest that it should be noted that due to the recent attacks in Boston, that security at airports across the United States and Great Britain has increased substantially. Business travelers are advised to allow extra time to get to the ticket counters and to their gates.There are long queues at the check-in counter and the duration of the security process has increased due to additional random bag searches. Hotel security has increased as well travelers are advised to adhere to corporate security policies as well as local policies. In saying that if employees travel to the United States or the United Kingdom for the purpose of visiting Vodacoms parent company or any other business travel, it is advised to monitor local media for additional security measures. This will also apply to the other countries mentioned where known terrorist cells are operating. ConclusionA school of thought that postulates as major disasters never occur at a time or in a manner that may be anticipated, pre-catastrophe planning is futile is a gross abdication of reponsibilty and cannot be supported. (Security Management bulletin 5. Disaster Planning) Vodacom Congo has clear ties with the United Kingdom due to alliances and shareholding agreements, Vodacoms offices are located in a building owned by an American entity and the building is shared by Chevron Oil which is an American owned company, it would therefore be foolish not to recognize the direct threat to the company, its employees and assets. It would be surprising if many businesses and orginisations could avoid the consequences of terrorism at some time in their existance. (Security management Bulletin 5. Disaster Planning) It is therefore imperative that urgent security focus is placed on the threat that terrorism poses to the company and its operations, large walk in customer care areas are prime targets where lots of people gather. A balance of security measure are very important to maintain a vigilant level of protection without creating too much discomfort to the employees, visitors, business partners and customers.References Martin Gill, The Handbook of Security. 2006 The Security Institute. Security Management Bulletin 5. Emergency Procedures Major Disasters. Rachel Briggs, R. and Edwards, C. The business of resilience. DEMOS 2006 The Security Institute. Security Management Bulletin No 6. Countermeasures to threats of terrorist action. John Harbeson, The War on Terrorism in Africa Princeton N. Lyman from Africa in World Politics p7 Human Rights Watch In the name of security, www. hrw. org Wikipedia Website http//en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Terrorism Michael Burleigh Al-Qaeda and a Decade of Terror Andre Burstin European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center (ESISC), Boko Haram and the Risk of Terrorism in Northern Cameroon 01 April 2012 Claude Moniquet, European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center (ESISC), The Terrorist Threat Linked to the Libyan Crisis. 2011 Jason A Boston Marathon Bombing, Aon Crisis Management Consulting/ Global Risk Consulting. p4 Subscriber Journal, 16 April 2013

A Study of IKEA’s Product Design and Pricing Strategy Essay

IKEAs competitive priority is based on producing quality products at a low price. This concept is exemplified in its corporate mantra price with meaning. This is achieved by creating inexpensive products without making its customers feel cheap. This manta is followed from design to the customers home. 2. Describe IKEAs process for developing a new product?IKEA starts the process by picking what the new product will cost. This will religious service to determine color, materials used, and design. Next they choose a manufacturer using their network of manufactures. They do this by determining which manufacturer can most efficiently perplex the new product. Next they design the product, keeping in mind efficiency, ie. Packaging, channelping ect. Every inch of the product is reviewed in order to maximize their ability to manufacture, broadcast and store the new product. Finally they ship it. While shipping, the key word is flat, in fact the flatter the better. From vacuum packing pi llows to exclusively producing disassembled furniture, IKEA is committed to not shipping air.Lastly they must sell their new product. 3. What are additional features of the IKEA concept (beyond their design process) that contribute to creating exceptional value for the customer? The way they ship their products is clearly one of its greatest contributors to its low prices. By remaining flat, shipping only 65% full containers and by building its distribution centers near ports, railways, and highways IKEA is adequate to(p) to ship with great efficiency. They are able to ship the maximum amount of products, at the right time to the right stores keeping their prices 20 the 30 per centum lower than their competition. 4. What would be important criteria for selecting a site for an IKEA store? IKEA stores require a large area to accommodate a large showroom, daycare and solid food court

Project Management Essay

A. The Five support Management sue GroupsThe five realize focus surgical procedure groups begins with The scoping process group which can also be referred to as the initiating process. The process includes all processes that relate to one question What is the task? and What do you need to do?. Thus, NASAs vision is to constantly develop escape technologies and from this NASA embarked on on the self-reliant Rotorcraft Project. The thrust entails developing an faze helicopter that ideally operates with the decision making skill of a piloted aircraft. The scoping process means that pick up management group can establish what is need to achieve the clients needs, in this trade union movement they include-manoeuvre around obstacles with start human race supervision-accomplish top level mission goals -conduct vehicle health management activities, which is diagnosing and fixing problems on the machine automatically to be able to re cast the mission if unforeseen obstacles occu r.Secondly is the process of project planning process relates to the question How testament you do it?. The complexity of this process is unrealised as it requires technologies that ar yet to be discovered. For theoretical account, just to travel from point A -B the self-directed helicopter will need to sense, classify and identify surrounding landmarks and then reconcile those landmarks with stored maps. It will then have to station itself with those particular proposition landmarks, rapidly com come ine a path that would glide by it away from various oncoming obstacles and about follow its chosen path. These ideas remain difficult in the project planning stage as in that respect is a lack of available autonomous technologies and resources. Not only do NASA want to create an Autonomous Rotorcraft it also seeks to advance unmanned vehicle operations for future projects( Whalley, 2003).After the project planning process, comes the project launching process. This process incl udes all processes related to recruiting and organising the police squad and establishing operational rules. It also largely includes getting the project started. The project motorbus allowed the police squad members to incorporate changes and agree on their own responsibilities as it allows them to carry out their tasks in a much efficient manner. To ensure this was the case was to schedule regular demonstrations of the teams accomplishments, ensuring a specific amount of work was completed before it was presented.The monitoring process, includes all processes related to the ongoing work of the project. An example of this is the ARP project website that was created to keep tuition of the project so upper management and stakeholders are apprised of the projects progression. The brave out process group is the closing process, this specially entails the notion of How well did the project go? After the result of the project, the project manager learn that the needs needed to b e met of separately team member and submit individual responsibilities effectively. Whilst there was not too many on going challenges the project manager learned that the era spent scheduling flights took long than expected, it will be taken into consideration for the future to play down any delays.B. Classify the projectRisk Is an integral part of this project. It usually includes encounter identification, risk assessment, risk mitigation and risk monitoring. Risk regarding project management is a future event which happens with probability and induces change. The autonomous rotorcraft is subject to risk, these can most commonly include delays which can create a loss for the project, and soly subjecting the project to court increases. Business Value The notion of business value supports the companies strategic goals and meets user information requirements. Thus it needs to be a good investment for NASA. Consequently the autonomous rotorcraft is an investment for the organiz ation as it allows future developments to be based of this project for other differing autonomous vehicles.Duration The duration of the project began in 2002 and was up for ARP teams nominations for 2005 project of the year. It has been flying autonomously since March 2004 and has been flight tested weekly for 30-60 minutes per flight. The trunk in the current Rotorcraft has been flown in the same configurations since November 2005. Complexity The complexity of this project is truly difficult as mentioned earlier, this is because the rotorcraft is unmanned and needs to get up various decisions through its Linux based software.Technology The applied science used in the Autonomous Rotorcraft is complex and due to this faced many hardships and obstacles. The technology is complex. NASAs mission was to extend its technology and expertise regarding automated systems. Specifically the project management team would create a flying research lab consisting of technologies such as advanc ed flight controls, a reactive planner and an all digital tv camera system with tracking and passive ranging capabilities. The Autonomous rotorcraft is a Yamaha RMAX helicopter, which was selected as the project UAV platform. It was originally developed for far control seeding and spraying and therefore was notably sturdy and reliable.Due to this numerous modifications were made to the rotorcraft to support autonomous operations. These include the additive avionics which in turn carries out navigation and flight computer control, an experimentation computer, a GPS receiver and radio communications (Freed, 2006). Cost The cost for this project has not been disclosed, although budget was kept.C. How did the project go away against the nine Project management Knowledge bailiwicksIntegration Management focuses on the larger tasks that moldiness be done for the project to work. Thus it is the practise of ensuring that every part of the project is coordinated. The project manager must be very competent at this to ensure that the project runs smoothly. The Autonomous Rotorcraft project manager plan well, as they took many things into consideration regarding this. As mentioned earlier, the project manager used techniques to establish motivation for team members. The main technique was scheduling regular meetings and demonstrating the teams current accomplishments. From these meetings the project manager could then provide additional recourses for the project in areas that need supplemental information. Thus the project was executed successfully and a high-pitched level of integration management was achieved.The second knowledge area of Scope Management is the details and processes of the project. It is all- beta(prenominal) to have a detailed plan before beginning the project. This meaning a clear goal. Which is very clear To develop an unmanned helicopter. Whilst it is beneficial to understand the scope of the project it is also important to understand that ch anges may occur during the project, which fall under this specific knowledge area. Due to the favourable emergence of the project, scope management was achieved, as challenges and communication were met effectively. Similarly to this is time management, the ARP met all scheduling goals and completed each phase with no scheduling delays. Thus it is understood that, the project had sufficient resources and a good time management plan. Cost management is just as valuable as time management.This knowledge area includes cost estimating and budgeting. Once the cost for the ARP project was estimated, the project manager must control the cost and make changes to the budget as needed. The cost of the project would have been fluctuating as the accuracy changes as the project would have progressed. Furthermore, musical note management is an important knowledge area as the ARP would have had to have been careful against a similar predetermined acceptable measure. The project manager would of created a quality management plan early on in the project, as this effects other areas such as scope, time cost and most importantly risk. Human resource management is responsible for the project organisation, the selection of team members on the ARP (assigning staff) and project organisation.Whilst the project manager assesses the performance of the team, so does human resource management from a contrastive perspective this also includes the project manner. Along with this comes communication management, which is very important in the ARP. This includes the ARP project website, that was created to keep NASA computer information and communications technology program for upper management and stake holders to be aware of the projects progression. The team also provided project updaters to potential customers, which include The Department of Homeland Security, the National Technology conveyancing centre and other NASA researchers. . This type of communication management offers dual benefits as it is marketing the rotorcraft and maintaining a ardent customer base for future projects.As well as this, all the material communicated was accessible to the team via the website, these included flight plans, authorised documents, scheduling and media. Another project management area is Risk management, this involves how risks are managed on the project. The project manager must identify these challenges and plan how the team will respond to them in a positive manner. These risks included, coordinating the ARP project team, as it consisted of people from a plethora of different backgrounds and thus the project manager ensured communication stayed strong. Another challenge that the team was faced with as scheduling flight tests, this took more time than originally anticipated and therefore ran risk of delays, to combat this more time was put foreword to ensure that there was no future delays.Lastly is procurement management, this is a set of processes that link up to the supply chain sector of the ARP project. It is when goods or services need to be obtained from an outside organisations. The project manager plans these purchases of products that cannot be provided from their own company. This is important as it links directly with quality management, this is because it is difficult to ensure quality is delivered from an outside supplier at an appropriate cost that meets budget.Conclusion It must be reiterated that The Autonomous Rotorcraft Project was executed successfully. There are many areas that need to be covered by the project team in order for this to be a smooth operation. Whilst there are some areas that are of more importance to others, it is ideal to have a team that can respond to all positive and ostracise situations that the project may encounter. The ARP project, fitted well against all nine Project Management areas, thus NASA expressed a high level of satisfaction with the project.

Race representation in “Desmond’s” and “Mind your language” Essay

In this essay I am spill to compare the ways in which rush along has been represented in the two sitcoms Desmonds and Mind your language. Desmonds is a sitcom set in a barber crap in the 1989 and Mind your language which is set in a domesticate in 1970s.Mind your language reinforces stereotypes by the mints accents for example Ali said that he goes around and nicking on peoples doors when hes meant to say knocking on peoples door thats why you tilt trust him and this as well makes him sound dishonest. Ali and Ranjeet are in a conflict with each other because of the fight against India and Pakistan. Jamila the Pakistani woman is represented as domestic because she is always knitting in class also there is conflict going on with Ingrid the Swedish woman and Anna the German woman who are onerous to attract most of the men in the class because mostly the class is full of men.Ranjeet is sh avouch as a typical Indian because he is always shaking his head and moving his hands and also him going to be arranged married to a another person that he doesnt even agnise and doesnt like. Taro the Japanese man has a camera on him because it shows that all Japanese people carry cameras and makes them look like tourists. All the students in Mind your language dont ingest learning English seriously by not doing their homework instead they buy it of Giovanni the Italian and climax late to their classes.Desmonds is a sitcom set in 1980s in a barber shop. Desmonds is different to mind your language. It is subverting stereotypes because in Desmonds the people own their own business and when the show starts you agree white people hanging around with black people instead of white people on one side and black on the other.This is represented by Shirley how is the daughter of Desmond has a white hotshot and when the show is starts you see a Blackman and a white man shaking hands. In Desmond the barber shop is used for social conversation about black people achieving things and how political comments are made prohibit at stereotyping in the media. Sean is the son of Desmond. Hes represented as a claver and absent to go to school and wanting to learn. As well as listening to rap music and the aged brother Sean has left and started working as a bank manager how lives well and also owns his own house.In conclusion I think mind your language is bad because it makes the people sound dishonest and bad but Desmonds on the other hand show positive view on TV because of showing black people wanting to learn and at the same time cosmos into rap music and also black people being friends with white people.

The Perceptions of American Women about “New Beauty Therapy Services for Kids”

The homecoming of beauty therapy among American women and some sequences men has been around for a long period that no one can re in ally determine, however, the party has undergone great civilization/modernization and recently beauty salons for upstart kids start out started emerging. These salons offer all salmagundi of beauty therapy services ranging from manicure, pedicure, facials and many early(a) beauty therapy services to little girls, due to the fact that the view has non been in the market for along clip the few salons that offer beauty therapy services to young girls charge a lot of money.Nevertheless, this new trend has received both positive and negative sentiments from the American public. I recently carried forbidden a study to investigate the perceptions of the people towards this new idea. I veritable a short questionnaire consisting of five questions and distributed them to ten literate and grown up women with young daughters between the ages of terzetto and eight, within my neighborhood, Brooklyn. The questionnaire comprised of questions that were sensitive to various respondents perceptions as they allowed for the choosing of more precise resolves. Russ-Eft, D. F. 1980) For instance, the second question required them to deposit whether they back up the idea of kids beauty therapy services or not, with practice options ranging from, I powerfully support, I support, I somewhat support, I strongly oppose, I oppose, I somewhat oppose. The other three questions were depended on the answer to the first question and the second questions. The questions were dispatched through a reliable delivery method (hand delivery) and enough time provided for the answering of the questions, the respondents were similarly advised not to seek assistance from other people.As expected the opinion yielded varying responses, with 80% of the respondents indicating that they are aware that kids beauty therapy services find been introduced in the mar ket, while the repose indicated that they are not aware of the new service. Those who were not aware of the new kids beauty therapy services were cease from the interview as the answers to the rest of the questions depended on the knowledge of the new kids beauty therapy service.Interestingly only a paltry 20% of the suss out sample who knew about the new kids beauty therapy services indicated that they strongly supported the new service and a nurture 20% indicated that they somehow supported the new service. 40% indicated that they strongly opposed the new service and the rebrinying 20% showed that they opposed the new service to kids. Since the answering of the other three questions of the study was dependent on the answer to question estimate two only 40% of the respondents went on to answer the remaining questions.This is so because the other three questions were meant to elicit the answers as to what needed to be done and what should not be done about the new beauty ther apy service to the kids. It was and so unsuitable for respondents who did not support the idea to continue answering the other questions as they were bound to give out unreliable answers since in the first place they did not have any interests on the new service. Wentland, E, J. & Smith, K. W. (1993) reveal of the 40% of the reexamine sample that proceeded with the rest of questions (by virtue of their support to the new kids beauty therapy service) 20% indicated they have once or twice taken their young daughters to the kids beauty therapy salons while the remaining 20% showed they have never done so but they were planning to do so in future. Interestingly 30% agreed that indeed the services are good for their young daughters but they are being overcharged and consequently the charges need to be adjusted. The remaining 10% indicated that the charges were reasonable compared to the good beatification services done to the young kids.On the question of whether some services curren tly in the kids beauty therapy package should be scrapped, they all (100%) agreed that some services needs to be removed from the package as they just did not make sense to young kids. Wentland, E, J. & Smith, K. W. (1993) The overall response of the five questions was very reliable as it systematically and precisely gave out information on the perceptions of the respondents. From the results this is visible from the answers to question one through question five.The questions were also arranged in a logical manner to avoid clue giving, those who gave NO as their answer to question one were discontinued from the interview as the study was dependent on the knowledge of the issue being investigated i. e. new beauty therapy services for kids. Further, those who had their answer as I strongly oppose/ I oppose/I somewhat oppose for question two were similarly discontinued from the interview. The remaining questions of the survey were about what needed to be done or not about the new serv ice and therefore it was in order to discontinue those who did not know about the service or support it.The main reason behind this was to avoid false and unreliable answers as those did not support the service did not have any business to comment as to what needs to be done or not about the new service. Russ-Eft, D. F. (1980) The simple survey comprising of five-question questionnaire gave out very precise information that could have differently not been possible if heavily worded questions were apply. This helped the respondents to perceive the questions as not bothersome or requiring much of their time and energy and therefore they gave out correct answers according to their perceptions (or lack of them) on the issue being investigated.Again, the survey sample was small (ten literate women) and the questionnaire comprised of simple questions with instructions written in bold attached on core questions to help extract valid and reliable data. The language used in the questionnai re was simple and unambiguous, further still, the questions were very sensitive in order to extract finer details from the respondents, for instance question number two was very prompting to the respondents as it gave six options for answer. Russ-Eft, D. F. (1980) In conclusion the questionnaire met all the requirements of the specific criteria of a good measurement i. e. reliability, validity, and sensitivity. It is reliable because that gave out results that could repeatedly be got if the same sample was to be used again it was valid because it followed a systematic procedure and gave out valid results, and it was sensitive because it allowed respondents a more options for answers. Russ-Eft, D. F. (1980)

Louis Wright

The United States of America is still seen by many different nationalities as a set place to immigrate to as cornerstone be noticed by the current influx of sensitive immigrants. Although American sorts have often been perceived by other people as distinct, Louis Wrights article, The British Tradition in America in Retrospect, clearly shows that many of the attractive aspects of American market-gardening argon actually rooted in British tradition.These aspects such as cultural conservatism, the practical eyeshot of religion, moral justifications even of unethical issues, idiosyncraticism, the business culture, good academic education, fashionability of the English language and the beautiful laws in the United States are all rooted in British culture.One of the most attractive aspects of American culture is the way it seems to break away from traditions. any(prenominal)(prenominal) immigrants, especially those from developing countries, find novelty in the creative ways tha t Americans have been able to remodel British traditions to make it look redbrick or non-conformist. US culture seems to encourage the freedom of expression that many artists desire. This freedom to create is usually confine in other countries because of its own traditions. some other very prominent aspect of American culture that generates engage among interested immigrants is its perspectives on how to practice religion based on logic and what is profitable instead of theoretical. Although Americans deliberate themselves to have broken away from British conservative religious practice, the religion is still inherited from Britain.The execution of religion in the U.S. is merely loose compared to the very strict and binding religion of the British because of the new found freedom that the early settlers realized they had. Although Puritanism has made moral justifications on unethical issues before, Puritanisms origins are traceable to Britain. The origins of this belief are ro oted in the British culture and merely implemented on American soil.One very basic attitude that Americans and British have in common is individualism. The headway your own business attitude is very attractive to other nationalities with many cultural family traditions that hinder individuals from in all achieving financial success. Developing countries mostly lack the business mind-set and are usually focused on familial ties and traditions. The American emphasis on commerce and trade (which are also rooted in British character) shows interested immigrants that success is easier to achieve in the United States if one is willing to work tricky for it.Another attractive aspect of the United States that is deeply rooted in its British heritage is education. Many foreigners seek to educate themselves in spite of appearance the universities of the U.S. because the academic curricula are based on classical knowledge translated within the bounds of ethical and moral principles. There are many Christian foreigners who fancy being better in Harvard, Princeton, etc. because of the way these universities have been espousing great knowledge without totally going against spiritual beliefs.Another very powerful attraction to the American continent is its language. American English, even if it is already very incompatible from British language due to the influences of other nationalities is still fashionable almost all over the world. The American English language is a great communication tool among international students because of the many books written in this language. The media has been able to popularize the American culture and with it, the language. Many nationalities look up to their brothers who can master the American English tongue.Above all, the American laws that espouse freedom and human rights are very attractive to cultures that are troubled by political problems. American laws, which have been derived from the British legal system, seem to encourage individual freedom and able to protect even the smallest individual from abuse. Gays rights, right to choice and other laws show how liberal but protecting the American legal system can be and this can be very attractive to immigrants.American traditions and fashionable life is very popular because it always seems modern and novel to conservative cultures and developing countries. However, if one would really take away the hype and understand things the way Louis Wright does, it will become obvious that American have simply developed British systems and made some improvements before they called it their own.